Informatics Publishing Limited

S. K. Ghosh ¹, P. Mahadani ¹, A. Chetry ², P. R. Ghosh ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar-788011, IN
2 College of Veterinary Science, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, IN
3 West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata-700037, IN

Abstract

The DNA barcoding of Felidae (cat family, using mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit-I (COI) region opens a new vista for molecular identification of different life forms on our planet and caters a boon for cataloguing of taxa. In the present study, an attempt is made to develop a set of universal primer (forward COI-Fl and reverse COI-R1) for PCR amplification of COI gene for higher mammals and validate by successful amplification and subsequent sequencing of the gene in Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris) and domestic cat (Felts sylvestris catus). The sequenced data are submitted in GenBank (Accession No FJ185309 and FJ185310) as DNA barcode of the species. The designed primers opened a new hope in mitigating a long standing problem of species identification due to poaching of wild animals, adulteration of meat and animal products and purity testing as it can amplify wide range of barcode sequences of higher mammals. The obtained sequences along with other relevant sequences already existed in global database are analyzed to determine phylogenetic relationship and discussed.

Keywords

DNA Barcoding, Royal Bengal Tiger, COI Gene, PCR, NCBI.

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Mohua Chakraborty ¹, S. K. Ghosh ¹, Bishal Dhar ¹, Bijoya Khomdram Devi ¹

Affiliations
1 DNA barcode and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, IN

Abstract

Clarias batrachus is a species of freshwater catfish widely used for human consumption. Increasing demand of this species worldwide, coupled with its ability to survive in wide range of environmental conditions, has led to its introduction in many countries. This widespread translocation and distribution of C. batrachus have resulted in the rise of wide variety of haplotypes of this species. Nevertheless, there has been constant decrement in their population density in the last two decades. Thus, to endeavour conservation of the species we employ molecular technique of DNA barcoding in solving the standing problem of crypticism and haplotype sharing of the species. A better knowhow of the genetic makeup of the unique identifier region, that is, the 648 basepair region of COI DNA barcode will help to differentiate among closely related species and identify endemic species. In this study, a comparative analysis of C. batrachus from different regions in India and other parts of world shows presence of distinct haplotypes in different geographical locations. We also present a descriptive study of the various species of Clarias genus that have been barcoded in India till date. Our results also solve the dilemma of considering some species as synonymy of C. batrachus.

Keywords

Clarias batrachus, Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI), Genetic Diversity, Kimura's Two Parameter (K2P), Mean Divergence, Neighbour Joining Tree.

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P. Mahadani ¹, M. M. Das ¹, Bishal Dhar ¹, P. R. Ghosh ², S. K. Ghosh ¹

Affiliations
1 DNA barcode and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, IN
2 West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata-700037, IN

Abstract

The plant Anisomeles indica (Lamiaceae) is commonly known as 'Indian Catmint' which is traditionally used as an anticancer and anti-inflammatory and as a source of new anti-metastatic agent for food and pharmaceutical industries. Here, we adopt the plant DNA barcoding technique to develop species level DNA passport for Anisomeles indica based on matK sequence (-800bp) of chloroplast DNA isolated from Anisomeles indica with subsequent amplification and sequencing for species level identification. Our result demonstrated 100% similarity with other Anisomeles indica sequences retrieved from global databases. The phylogeny analysis revealed that Anisomeles indica formed distinctive clusters with its different closely related species assigning correct taxonomic position. We propose that matK gene may be used as DNA passport for medicinal plants.

Keywords

Anisomeles indica, DNA Passport, MatK, Sequence Homology, Species Level.

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M. M. Das ¹, P. Mahadani ¹, R. Singh ², Kanika Karmakar ², S. K. Ghosh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, IN
2 Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, IN

Abstract

Bamboos, popularly known as poor man's timber for their multipurpose use in the rural life are widely found in tropical and subtropical countries. India, the second largest producer of bamboo in the world has rich diversities of bamboos with about 130 species spreading over 18 genera. We tested the performance of matK as a species identifier of selected Bambusa species through Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. Genomic DNA from young leaves of selected species were isolated and matK gene (-800bp) of chloroplast DNA was amplified and sequenced for species level identification. Among the six determined matK sequences, Bambusa nutan (JX966234), Bambusa arundinacea (JX966235), Bambusa balcooa (JX966236) and Bambusa cacharensis (JX966237) are novel sequences. The matK sequence showed easy amplification and alignment but it showed very low variation and even in some cases no variable and parsimony site were found. These matK sequences were shown high similarity (99%-100%) with both inter and intra species. The core DNA barcode loci matK failed to provide species specific marker in Bambusa due to interspecies hybridization, introgression and polyploidization.

Keywords

Bambusa, MatK, DNA Barcoding, Northeast India, Bambusa arundinacea, Bambusa cacharensis.

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S. K. Ghosh ¹

Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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S. K. Ghosh

Abstract

No Abstract.

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S. K. Ghosh ¹, B. K. Chatterjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-22I 005, IN

Abstract

Siliciclastic rocks around Surgutaria viIIage are mature to sub-mature quartzarenites to quartz-wackes, Quartz-wackes are produced due to extensive readjustment of sericite-chert matrix during phyllomorphic stage of development in the arenite frame work. Various statistical parameters, and current structures clearly reveal that the deposition of siliciclastics took place in a stable shallow marine to tidal flat environment.

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S. K. Ghosh ¹, Abhijit Mukhopadhyay ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geological Sciences, Jadavpur University, IN

Abstract

Paraconglomerates, with pebble- or boulder-sized phenoclasts of laminated clay in a matrix of medium grained massive. sandstone, occur toward the top of a turbidite sequence in the Talchir Formation at the N. W. corner of the Jharia Coal Basin in eastern India. The soft-sediment folds within the shale phenoclasts are dominantly recumbent. An analysis of the geometry of the structures suggests that a mass of sand with interlayered clay units was liquefied or fluidized. This in its turn generated a plastic mass flow in the course of which tenacious clay yielded slabs which were subsequently rotated and deformed. When the down-slope movement of the sand body had slowed down or had come to rest on the basin floor, the piled up mass of soft sediments was flattened under its own load and the contortions of the clay phenoclasts acquired their recumbent character.

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D. Bhaitacharjee ¹, S. K. ghosh ¹, S. Roychaudhuri ², N. R. Biswas ²

Affiliations
1 Op.E.C.I, Marine Wing, Geological Survey of India, Kolkata - 700 032, IN
2 Marine Wing, Salt Lake, Kolkata - 700 091, IN

Abstract

Sedimentological characteristics, fossil contents and geochemical behaviour of the seabed sediments of the inner continental shelf region off Ganga river mouth, Bay of Bengal reveal some aspects of macrotidal deltaic environment. Seabed sediments between 11 m and 45 m water depths, covering an area of about 1450 sq km, indicate the presence of three characteristic domains from West to East each having specific features. Relict calcareous/ferruginous concretions, oolites, pellets as well as older skeletal matters of bivalve, gastropod, scaphopod and benthic foraminifera occur in the sediments of western domain at about 20 to 35m water depths. The relict taxa generally show worn out tests and ferruginous coated surfaces. The central domain is made up of sand and sandy clay with common occurrence of foraminifera. Some carbonaceous material and minor disseminated grains of heavy minerals are commonly associated with these sediments. The eastern domain is covered by silt and silty sand, mainly composed of quartz, feldspar, muscovite and biotite, which represent recent sediments of Ganga delta.

Gastropod, bivalve, scaphopod, burrows, echinoid spines and benthic foraminifera are abundant in the western, poor in the central and rare in the eastern domain. However, Astrorotalia trispinosa and Astrorotalia-Ammonia are two dominant foraminiferal assemblages in this entire region. They are large and well ornamented in the western part compared to those in the east.

The subrounded ill sorted concretions, oolites and pellets along with the above insitu biota in the western domain suggest very shallow sedimentary facies, probably deposited in a littoral condition during the Late Pleistocene time. On the other hand, the composition and nature of sediments and distinct morphological changes of taxa in the eastern domain corroborates that the Ganga delta is under a process of continuous progradation during the Holocene time.

Keywords

Prodelta, Relict Sediment, Concretion, Benthic Foraminifera, Bay of Bengal.

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S. K. Ghosh ¹, Sudipta Sengupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geological Sciences, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, IN

Abstract

By measuring the ratio of wavelength to arclength of folds in closely associated disharmonically folded competent layers, it is possible to determine which layer has undergone a greater layer-parallel strain and has a smaller competence. This method may lead to a paradoxical situation. For example when foliated quartzite and mica schist layers are folded together, the mica schist laminae show a much larger buckle shortening than the quartzite layers. On the other hand, the geometry of folds in quartzite indicates that quartzite was more competent than the mica schist. The structure can be explained by different modes of buckling, general buckling in quartzite layers and internal buckling in strongly anisotropic mica schists.

Keywords

Arc Length, Wavelength, Multilayer, Buckling, Internal Buckling.

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Arkendu Ghosh ¹, K. Dey ¹, N. Bhowmick ², S. K. Ghosh ², S. Bandyopadhyay ³, P. S. Medda ⁴, A. Ghosh ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Fruits and Orchard Management, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741 252, IN
2 Department of Pomology and Post Harvest Technology, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar 736 165, IN
3 Department of Agronomy, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar 736 165, IN
4 Department of Plantation Crops and Processing, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar 736 165, IN
5 Department of Agricultural Statistics, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar 736 165, IN

Abstract

A field experiment was laid out in two factorial randomized block design with four levels of pruning and seven levels of nutrients, consisting recommended dose of fertilizers and different combinations of organic manure (vermicompost), inorganic fertilizer, bio-fertilizer (azotobacter), mycorrhiza (VAM) and their interaction between 2013 and 2015 on 9-year-old lemon plants. Studies revealed that all physicochemical parameters, viz. fruit weight, puncture force, total soluble solid, total sugar, ascorbic acid were highest in (P3N4) combination of higher level of pruning. However, the maximum availability of leaf and soil nutrients was recorded in N₄.

Keywords

Lemon, Nutrient Management, Pruning, Soil-Leaf Nutrient Availability, Yield and Quality.

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S. K. Ghosh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Calcutta-700032, IN

Abstract

With the advancement of technology composite materials such as glass fibre-reinforced plastics are having various applications in different fields e. g. in machinery, automobile, aeronautics, process-and space technology etc. [I]. The dynamic properties of polymers and composites are directly relevant to the use of these materials.

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S. K. Ghosh ¹, N. P. Mukherjee ², A. B. Chattopadhyay ³, Santanu Das ⁴

Affiliations
1 Dept of Mechanical Engg, IIT, Kharagpur, IN
2 Bengal College of Engg and Technology for Women, Durgapur, IN
3 Dept of Mechanical Engg, Birbhum Institute of Engg and Technology, Suri, IN
4 Dept of Mechanical Engg, Kalyani Government Engg College, Kalyani, IN

Abstract

Recently, austempered ductile iron (ADI) is finding many applications in different areas due to its high strength-to-weight ratio. However, it is a difficult-to- machine material. In this work, experimental investigations have been done to observe machining performance during turning ADI rods using two tool inserts. Cutting force components, chip forms, etc. have been observed during straight turning of ADI rods with TiAlN-coated carbide and cBN tool inserts. Observations have been made by varying cutting velocities under dry condition. Machining tests indicate that coated carbide inserts require less cutting forces and it can machine even after 1 minute of machining, while the cBN inserts show deterioration of the cutting edge just at the end of 20 seconds of machining under a typical machining condition. It is seen that at certain experimental conditions, coated carbide inserts and cBN inserts show fairly good machinability for machining ADI in dry condition.

Keywords

Turning, Machinability, Austempered Ductile Iron, ADI, Ceramic Inserts, Coated Tools.

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S. N. Tandon ¹, S. K. Ghosh ², J. Hutchings ³, C. S. Stalin ¹, A. Subramaniam ¹

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru 560 034, IN
2 National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, IN
3 Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, B.C. V9E 2E7, CA

Abstract

The AstroSat satellite is designed for multi-wavelength astronomy for observations covering a spectral range from soft and hard X-rays to the ultraviolet. The Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) is the only non-X-ray telescope on AstroSat and it provides the long lever arm to the multi-wavelength observations. In addition to the simultaneous multi-wavelength studies in coordination with the X-ray telescopes on-board AstroSat, UVIT is used to study a large variety of objects with arcsecond-level spatial resolution. During the first year of observations, UVIT has obtained images in many filter bands in the wavelength range 130-300 nm over a field of ~28', which are being used to study a variety of hot stars, nebulae, stellar clusters and galaxies.

Keywords

Multi-Wavelength Astronomy, Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope, X-Ray Telescope.

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Y. Gupta ¹, B. Ajithkumar ¹, H. S. Kale ¹, S. Nayak ¹, S. Sabhapathy ¹, S. Sureshkumar ¹, R. V. Swami ¹, J. N. Chengalur ¹, S. K. Ghosh ¹, C. H. Ishwara-Chandra ¹, B. C. Joshi ¹, N. Kanekar ¹, D. V. Lal ¹, S. Roy ¹

Affiliations
1 National Centre for Radio Astrophysics-TIFR, Pune University Campus, Pune 411 007, IN

Abstract

The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) is today a frontline international facility for low-frequency radio astronomy, that has produced several exciting and important new results in the 15 years that it has been operational. To keep the GMRT competitive in the global arena in the future, a major upgrade of the observatory is nearing completion that will increase its sensitivity by up to three times and make it a more powerful and versatile facility. We describe the main goals of this upgrade, highlight the technical features and challenges, outline the science potential and update the current status of this venture.

Keywords

Radio Telescope, Upgrade, Scientific Potential, Technical Challenges.

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Surendra Singh Choudhary ¹, P. K. Garg ², S. K. Ghosh ²

Affiliations
1 Computer Engg. Deptt., Govt. Engineering College, Bikaner, IN
2 Geomatics Engg., Civil Engg. Deppt., Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, IN

Abstract

Agriculture drought occurs when moisture level in soils is insufficient to maintain average crop yields. Initial consequences are in the reduced seasonal output of crops & other related production. An extreme agricultural drought can lead to a famine, which is a prolonged shortage of food in a restricted region causing widespread diseases and deaths from starvation. Agriculture drought is mainly dependent on low rainfall which results in agricultural production.

This study demonstrates the use of Remote Sensing and GIS in the mapping of drought. In the present work, an effort has been made to assess drought condition using temporal images from Landsat TM, ETM+ in Jodhpur District, particularly where the occurrence of drought is high. The Landsat-7 ETM+ and Landsat-5 TM satellite sensor data were used for calculating Brightness Temperature (BT), Land Surface Temperature (LST). Correlation and regression analysis was performed between Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), Temperature Condition Index (TCI), and Food Grain Anomaly.

BT was converted to the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and the Temperature Condition Index (TCI), which are useful indices for the estimation of vegetation health and agriculture drought. The yield and production analysis of crops analysis was carried out for a period of 21 years (1991-2011). On the basis of the satellite-based indices, the study area was divided into several drought categories;moderate, mild, no drought using GIS software. It was found that in years 2000, 2002 and 2010, the entire study area was affected by moderate drought with greater intensity.

Keywords

Drought Indices, Remote Sensing and GIS, Crop Yield and Production.

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A. Mohan ¹, S. K. Ghosh ¹

Affiliations
1 Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, IN

Abstract

The present paper describes a simple, sensitive, accurate and reproducible method for spectrophotometric estimation of some new antiepileptic drugs like Oxcarbazepine and Lamotrigine in bulk and solid dosage forms. Oxcarbazepine and Lamotrigine are antiepileptic and mood stabilizing drugs used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. Oxcarbazepine is a structural derivative of Carbamazepine, adding extra oxygen to the dibenzepine ring whereas Lamotrigine is a diamine with dichlorodiphenyl groups. A visible double beam spectrophotometer with a matched pair of 1 centimeter quartz cell was used for experimental purposes and analytical reagent grade acetonitrile in distilled water was used as a solvent. Oxcarbazepine showed maximum absorbance at a wavelength of 257 nm and obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 2-50 mcg/ml. Previously reported spectrophotometric method as observed in literature survey gives a method based on the formation of a coloured complex. The present communication, a simple spectrophotometric method is developed for the estimation of Oxcarbazepine in its solid dosage form using distilled water as a solvent.
Lamotrigine showed maximum absorbance at a wavelength of 304 nm and obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 10-50 mcg/ml. Previously reported spectrophotometric method as observed in literature survey gives a method which uses methanol as a solvent which might not be suitable for oral dosage form. The present communication using distilled water as a solvent is therefore more convenient, accurate and reproducible.
The results of the analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies.

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